Central/South America

Although climate policies have been so far mostly focused on mitigation, adaptation to climate change is a growing concern in developed and developing countries. This paper discusses how adaptation fits into the global climate strategy, at the global and national levels. To do so, a partial equilibrium optimization model of climate policies—which includes mitigation, proactive adaptation (ex ante), and reactive adaptation (ex post)—is solved without and with uncertainty. Mitigation, proactive adaptation, and reactive adaptation are found to be generally jointly determined.

Describes annotated guidelines for the preparation of national adaptation programmes of action

The overall objective of this study is to explore synergies and trade-offs in mainstreaming responses to climate change within development planning and assistance, with natural resource management as an overarching theme. There is a particular emphasis on implications for development co-operation activities of OECD donors, as well as for national and regional planners in developing countries.

The aim of this report is to present a high-level review of recent studies that have field-tested CBA either to inform or evaluate community-based climate and disaster risk management ini-tiatives. This report updates a synthesis report (that was written in 2010 and included 11 original studies) and involved a desk-based review of a total of 23 studies. Annex B describes the three approaches possible for CBAs.

The aim of this report is to present a high-level review of recent studies that have field-tested CBA either to inform or evaluate community-based climate and disaster risk management ini-tiatives. This report updates a synthesis report (that was written in 2010 and included 11 original studies) and involved a desk-based review of a total of 23 studies. A synopsis of each study is provided in Annex A of this report.

The aim of this report is to present a high-level review of recent studies that have field-tested CBA either to inform or evaluate community-based climate and disaster risk management ini-tiatives. This report updates a synthesis report (that was written in 2010 and included 11 original studies) and involved a desk-based review of a total of 23 studies.

Protected areas are an essential part of the global response to climate change.They can help society cope with climate change impacts by maintaining the essential ecosystem services upon which people depend. They are proven, “green” and cost-effective natural solutions to help address the climate crisis.

To determine the costs and effectiveness of selected child health interventions—namely, case management of pneumonia, oral rehydration therapy, supplementation or fortification of staple foods with vitamin A or zinc, provision of supplementary food with counselling on nutrition, and immunisation against measles.

Diarrheal diseases remain a leading cause of preventable death, especially among children under five in developing countries. This chapter reviews and prioritizes a number of available interventions.

This paper has examined the trends in funding and impacts of CGIAR research with a focus on distribution of economic benefits and sustainability of natural resources. The evidence has clearly shown that the impacts in terms of agricultural growth, poverty reduction and environmental protection continue to be impressive.