The aim of the current study is to provide a ‘qualitative assessment’ of the direct and indirect effects of adaptation options and to provide an assessment of some of the costs and benefits of adaptation options.
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To shed light on adaptation costs—and with the global climate change negotiations resuming in December 2009 in Copenhagen—the Economics of Adaptation to Climate Change (EACC) study was initiated by the World Bank in early 2008, funded by the governments of the Netherlands, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom.
Therefore, this paper aims at developing a broad economic framework for adaptation which can provide a foundation and a starting point for future economic research. The economic analysis allows us to distinguish between autonomous adaptation by private agents on the one hand and collective adaptation measures by government entities on the other.
The regional study KLARA, an acronym for ‘Climate change - impacts, risks, Adaptation’, presents results of investigations on different areas of potential vulnerability for the German federal state of Baden-Württemberg. An essential objective of the study is the identification of impact-reducing measures of adaptation in the areas considered.
To allow a fully informed debate on adaptation, there is a need to consider the economic aspects of adaptation.
This paper focuses on the fiscal effects of adaptation to climate change. Beside adaptation induced effects, climate change has other fiscal implications, like public spending fo mitigation efforts, the implementation and use of fiscal instruments in climate policy, or reduced tax revenue due to productivity losses in the economy.
This handbook is designed to provide newcomers to the field of climate impact and adaptation assessment with a guide to available research methods, particularly for answering the first question. The handbook will also serve as a ready reference for many others currently engaged in impacts and adaptation research.
Critique of UNFCCC (2007) and comment on global adaptation financing needs for 2030 in developing countries. Concludes the costs of adapting to climate change have been significantly under-estimated.
Assessment of adaptation costs and benefits in climate sensitive sectors, as well as at national and global levels. Discussion of potential and limits of economic and policy instruments that can be used to motivate adaptation actions
Review of European valuation and adaptation economics work in Chapter 7
Literature Review, Case Studies and Fiscal Adaptation Costs
Description of an approach for a qualitative and quantitative assessment of adaptation options to respond to climate change in the Netherlands.
A "bottom-up" study of potential climate change impact costs in the UK that reflects the priorities identified by regional stakeholder groups within the UK.
Assessment of damage costs and costs for adaptation for climate change in different sectors in Germany, The results are based on the the Integrated Assessment Model of Economy-Energy-Climate – The model WIAGEM.
Costs of adaptation for many sectors, costs and benefits for road transport sector
Assessment of impacts of 2003-summer for some sectors in the UK, cost of adaptation
Summarizes and critically assesses different methodologies and results of literature on the economics of adaptation.
Policy brief which provides an overview of the European-wide assessment of the impacts and economic costs of sea-level rise, and an analysis of the costs and benefits of adaptation.
Report commissioned by the Dutch government for recommendations on how to protect the Dutch coast and the low-lying hinterland against the consequences of climate change.
The report reviews methods and tools available in the literature on the assessment of climate change uncertainties and reviews existing frameworks for decision making under uncertainty for adaptation to climate change in the Netherlands.
Study covers the impacts and economics costs of climate change, the costs of adaptation, and the potential for low carbon growth in Kenya.
Study covers the impacts and economics costs of climate change, the costs of adaptation, and the potential for low carbon growth in Tanzania.
Study assesses the feasibility of developing climate change related vulnerability indicators for urban areas to support future EU spatial development policy by reviewing available literature and research activities.
Executive summary of report (in English)
Extensive study of the international literature concerning the effects of climate change and the associated costs, scaled to the Flemish context for an initial estimate of the potential cost of climate change in Flanders. (in Flemish)
Local case studies to the report: Adaptatie aan Klimaatveranderiung - Globale Kosten en Praktische Voorbelden. Literatuurstudie.(Adaptation to Climate Change: Global Costs and Practical Examples)
Paper calls for the development of innovative adaptation strategies able to cope with the uncertainty on future climates, and for more involvement of climate information end-users.
Paper discusses the economic theory of adaptation as well as the empirical adaptation literature with a focus on developing countries.
The principle objectives of this study is to identify, analyze and quantify the economic costs of climate change for Mexico and, on the basis of the results, propose and recommend appropriate measures for public policy, both for adaptation and mitigation.
Given projected climate change in the UK, the report looks at the need for further action in relation to heat impacts on people in residential buildings.