Two possible adaptation options to climate change for Sub-Saharan Africa are analyzed under the SRES B2 scenario. The first scenario doubles irrigated areas in Sub-Saharan Africa by 2050, compared to the baseline, but keeps total crop area constant. The second scenario increases both rainfed and irrigated crop yields by 25 percent for all Sub-Saharan African countries.
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resultsThis case study presents evidence of a monetised impact assessment of the impacts of heatwaves on human health in the county of Hampshire, Southern England. Specifically, we take the unusually warm conditions that existed in the UK in summer 2003 as an historical analogue of an event that is likely to become more frequent in the future under climate change.
This paper examines the changes to engineering design practice that might occur given climate-induced changes in environmental factors.
Assessment of impacts of 2003-summer for some sectors in the UK, cost of adaptation
The costs of climate change policies are estimated and their implications discussed in many parts of the IPCC’s Assessment Report. The use of consistent cost concepts across the TAR is important, in order to facilitate comparability across different cost assessment approaches.
Estimation of a benefit-cost ratio of a meteorological office to national economy
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The Committee on Safety Criteria for Dams was requested to report on the selection of appropriate flood and earthquake occurrences to be considered in design of dams and safety evaluation of dams. This report represents a general consensus of the views and conclusions of the committee.
A method for valuing information when risk attitudes are nonneutral is presented. The procedure uses simulation and generalized stochastic dominance to value information by level of risk aversion. The value of soil water and weather information to irrigators is quantified to illustrate the procedure.
This paper discusses the use and usefulness of social cost-benefit analysis. An analysis of the value of project appraisal under uncertainty is provided.
This report represents the first survey on a global scale of adaptive options for coastal areas in response to a possible acceleration of sea level rise and the implications of these options. The report provides general information on options for a range of coastal areas which cover large continental states to small coastal islands.
Post-project appraisals were carried out for flood protection projects completed during 1960–1987 in six locations in England and Wales. The methodology focused on assessing the implications of new hydrological-hydraulic analyses of flood risks, and of urban land use changes.
This practical manual assesses the procedures necessary for protecting vulnerable coastlines against flood, storm, high tide and related environmental damage.
Impacts of road weather service on driving costs; Short-term forecasts: The objective is to improve the monitoring of road weather conditions so that winter maintenance can be carried out systematically and at the right time.
Can the existing and very extensive private sector organizations provide those at risk from climate change with adequate insurance cover? If not, why not? What changes in market institutions might be appropriate in this case? This paper is about these and related questions. In attempting to answer them, we deal with many different aspects of the theory of risk-bearing.
The guideline assesses the impacts of potential climate change and evaluate appropiate adaptations.
In this article, we (i) examine the ways in which erosion reduces soil fertility and crop productivity, (ii) assess the environmental and economic costs of soil erosion, and (iii) compare various agricultural techniques and practices that reduce erosion and help conserve water and soil resources.
The study estimates the economic value of information contained in weather forecasts for the aviation industry known as Terminal Aerodrome Forecasts (TAFs); and estimates the economic benefits of improving the accuracy of the information.
Natural disasters and project analysis; Risk modified, benefit-cost analysis; empirical issues; disaster mitigation for an agricultural project in St. Lucia.
This paper analyses the relative role of protection and mitigation expenditures within the total costs of climate change induced sea level rise. It derives a rule of thumb to approximate the optimal level of protection. Economic efficiency requires that protection expenditures are designed such that the sum of protection costs plus remaining land loss damage is minimised.
Calculating the average value of public weather services to Sydney households.
The objective of the Flood Projection Project is to improve the security of economic assets and persons living in flood-prone areas by constructing defense facilities to reduce future losses due to floods, and by strengthening national and provincial institutions and systems for dealing with future floods as a next phase after the Flood Rehabilitation Project to restore the assets lost in the r
As part of the IPPC report the report describes the impacts of climate change for coastal areas and small islands. Furthermore, it discusses adaptation reponses.
Analysis of climate change impacts upon water resources has focused primarily on water quantity issues. The impacts upon water quality and water quality management have had little attention.
This paper suggests criteria that can be used to help determine which measures should be implemented in advance of climate change, and of those measures, which should receive the highest priority.
This handbook is designed to provide newcomers to the field of climate impact and adaptation assessment with a guide to available research methods, particularly for answering the first question. The handbook will also serve as a ready reference for many others currently engaged in impacts and adaptation research.
The problem of analyzing a sequence of daily irrigation decisions utilizing weather forecast information is formulated for the case of lettuce grown in central New York state, and solved using a stochastic dynamic programming algorithm.
The economic value of long-range weather prediction is measured by the increase in social welfare arising from the use of the prediction in economic decisionmaking. This paper describes a study of the economic value of ENSO prediction to U.S. agriculture.
The authors develop a bioeconomic model of the coho salmon fishery and derive the value of information from improved El Niño forecasting ability.